不同进针方式对新生儿足跟血采集效果的影响

Comparison between two puncture methods for blood specimen collection from neonatal heel

目的比较斜角穿刺和垂直穿刺法在新生儿足跟血采集中应用的效果，以提高新生儿足跟血采集的效率。方法将200例足月顺产新生儿采用抽签法随机分为实验组（斜角穿刺法）和对照组（垂直穿刺法）各100例，比较分析两组的采血成功率。结果相同条件下，两组采血难易程度比较实验组容易87例，对照组56例，两组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=8．76，P〈0．01）；两组疼痛程度比较差异无统计学意义（t=0．55，P=0．58）；采血后观察新生儿足跟采血部位的反应可见，两种方法均不会导致采血部位红肿，但是实验组能够显著减少采血部位青紫（x2=9．26，P〈0．01）。实验组的采血效率显著高于对照组。结论采用斜角穿刺法采血符合护理程序，能够减少新生儿痛苦，提高采血效率。

Objective To compare the effects on blood specimen collection from neonatal heel by oblique puncture and vertical puncture methods, to increase the efficiency of puncturing in blood collection. Methods Two hundred eutocia, full-term infants were randomly divided into experimental group （oblique puncture） and control group （vertical puncture） by stochastically ballot, 100 samples in each group, and the blood collection rate in two groups was compared. Results In the same condition, both experiment group （87 cases） and control group （56 cases） have higher efficiency in blood collection, but the experiment group is notably easier than control group （X2 = 8.76 ,P 〈 0. 01 ）, however there is no significant difference in pain （t =0. 55 ,P =0.58）. Further, we observed the response of neonatal heel and found that both methods will not induce inflammation, but the peidnoma was significantly decreased in experiment group compared to control group （X2 = 9.26,P 〈 0.01 ）. The experiment group was significant high than control group. Conclusions Oblique puncture method is conformance to care program, and can significantly decrease the suffering of newborns, and increase the efficiency.