民国时期中职合并与分离研究

Merging and splitting of the secondary vocational schools during the Republic of China

从增设中学第二部,到壬戊学制的试验与实施,再到三民主义教育宗旨的提出与确立,中职合并一直被视为促进职业教育发展、适应学生个性的重要方式。此间,尽管也有质疑或反对,但直到1932年《中学法》、《师范学校法》和《职业学校法》出台后,中职合并才被正式舍弃。表面上,中职分离是听了国联教育考察团的忠告,实则是因为中职合并既未扭转普通教育办理不良的问题,也未能促进职业教育的发展,还造成了各种学校行政问题。中职合并与分离的过程,有助于我们思考制度良莠与努力程度、模仿国外与立足本土、下行改革与上行改革、教育问题与管理问题的关系。

The creation of the second department,the testing of the 1922 system,and experiment of the three people＇s principles in education results in the merging of the secondary vocational schools.Despite questioning and suspicion,this goes on till 1932 when appear the High School Law,Normal School Law and Vocational School Law.So the secondary vocational schools are separated from the ordinary high schools.The splitting,however,fails to turn it any better.This leads to further researches of the education system,foreign models,reform orientations,and administration.