王阳明的教育观——“知行合一”的渊源和意义

The Educational Theory of WANG Yang-ming——the Origin of “the Correspond of Knowing and Doing and its Meaning"

知行观一向是各个时代的哲学所关注的主要问题。尤其是宋明时代思想家在理学的哲学体系下深谈知识和行为的问题以达成知行思想的高峰。明朝王阳明是其代表人物。王阳明的知行观是一种修养论,也是一种教育观。所以说,理解王阳明所说的知行合一就同时理解了王阳明的教育思想。他的"知行合一教育观"超越了先秦儒家的"知之非难,行之为难"与程朱哲学的"知行为二"的传统,开创了明代心学的"知行为一"的阶段。这是王阳明"知行合一教育观"的意义。

Knowing and doing view runs consistently through the beginning and ending of history of Chinese Philosophy, which is stood out in the Song and Ming Dynasties, and became the important discussion category of philosopher from Song to Ming and Qing dy- nasties. The Knowing and doing view of WANG Yang - ming is an educational theory while being cultivation of the mind theory. There- fore, if we could understand his knowing and doing view, we are able to understand the educational theory of WANG Yang - ming. His knowing and doing view was transcending a tradition of Song dynasty＇ knowing and doing view. He was to have opened a boundary of Ming dynasty＇ xinxue. This is the value of WANG Yang - ming＇ s knowing and doing view in the history of China philosophy.