我国城镇劳动力配置二元结构及其转换

The dual structure and transision of the allocation of labor force in cities and towns of China

本文提出我国城镇劳动力配置的二元结构表现在 :就业体制二元性 ,工资收入调节双轨运行 ,城乡劳动就业区别和户籍壁垒三大方面。认为其主要原因是国企改革与劳动力退出障碍互为因果 ,体制内就业者的既得利益刚性 ,社会保障制度改革滞后和劳动力供求严重失衡。在此基础上对转换二元结构的目标、途径、过程、模式选择作出论证 ,最后从促进企业家市场和工资市场化 ,实施再就业工程 ,完善社会保险制度 ,缩小劳动力供求差距和改革户籍制度等五方面提出相应对策。

This paper suggests the dual structure of the allocation of labor force in cities and towns of our contry is as following: the dualism of employment system, the dualism of adjustment of wage income, and the distinction of employment in cities and villages as well as the household register barriers. The main reason of this is the interaction of the reform of state-owed enterprise and the drawback of labor force, the interest rigidity of the employment within old system, the lagged of social security system and disequilibrium of the demand and the supply of the labor forcee. Based on these then the paper argued the target, the way, the process, the patten selection of the transisional dual struture. Finally we give the suggestions on the aspects of enterprizer's market and the marketization of the wage, practising the re-employment project, perfecting the system of social insurance, narrowing the gap between the supply and demand of the labor foree and reforming the system of household register.