毁灭与重生——近代中国“庙产兴学”风潮评述

Destruction and Nirvana——on the Phenomenon of Confiscating Temple Property as General School Education in Modern China

"庙产兴学"指清末民初以来,主张利用全国庙产以开办学校之风潮。清晚期及民国时期,由于部分知识分子及政府官员对佛教缺乏了解,国内外各种势力介入,不管出于善心还是趁火打劫的觊觎,在辛亥革命前后政权更迭社会动荡的大环境下,这个原本尚带有正面意义的举动,因中央权力的孤悬和社会价值失范,已经成为负面的扼杀佛教、道教等宗教信仰或文化的暴力风潮。在近代中国曾有两次规模较大的"庙产兴学"风潮,对当时中国社会文化宗教信仰意识形态乃至后世都产生了深远的影响。

during late Qing Dynesty to Republic of China,＂confiscating temple property as general school education＂,witnessed by public in twice of great-scale in modern China,is the typically historical and social example,which have performed far-reaching part in sphere of religious belief in ideology and social culture in moderm China.These phenomenon happened twice,confined in the Chinese Buddhism,try to explain the cause and effect,differences and similarities of such two events in historical reviews and records.