玉林市乙脑疑似病例标本检验

Specimens Testing of Japanese B Encephalitis Suspected Cases in Yulin

目的分析玉林市2008-2010年乙型脑炎疑似病例检测资料,为今后防控乙脑提供科学依据。方法应用IgM-捕获ELISA法检测2008-2010年送检疑似乙脑病例IgM抗体,并对收集的资料进行综合分析研究。结果 2008-2010年共检测血清、脑脊液142份,乙脑IgM抗体阳性43份,阳性率30.28%,其中血清标本阳性率25.38%(33/130),脑脊液标本阳性率83.33%(10/12),确诊病例36人;连续3年乙脑IgM抗体检测阳性率分别是33.33%、22.72%和41.17%,各年间阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.88,P>0.05),6月形成高峰86.04%(37/43),每年12月至次年5月均无阳性病例的检出;送检病例均为14岁以下儿童,最小6月龄,最大12岁,检出36例病例,不同年龄段乙脑病例构成比以3～6岁最高,占52.78%(19/36),7～10岁居次22.22%(8/36),0～2岁居第3位19.44%(7/36),11～14岁最低5.56%(2/36),10岁以下儿童乙脑病例占94.44%(34/36);男性病例24例,女性病例12例,男、女比为2∶1,3～6岁年龄段男女比例基本相等,但在其他年龄段男性高于女性;确诊病例多以辖区内和周边地市及流动的农村散居儿童为主。结论玉林市2008-2010年乙脑发病有明显的季节性,以夏季为主,病例均为儿童,3～6岁病例数最高,应加强疫苗接种和防蚊灭蚊工作是乙脑防控关键。

Objective By analyze the test data of Japanese B encephalitis（JE） suspected cases in Yulin from 2008 to 2010,to provide a scientific evidence for prevention and control of JE in the future.Methods By using IGM antibody capture ELISA technique,the IgM antibodies in suspected cases of JE which was be send in 2008-2010 were detected,with collected data analyzed comprehensively.Results From 2008 to 2010,142 samples of serum and cerebrospinal fluid were detected.There were 43 cases of IgM antibody positive,with the positive rate 30.28%,and the positive rate of serum samples was 25.38%（33/130）,of cerebrospinal fluid samples was 83.33%（10/12）.There were 36 JE diagnosing cases.In the 3 years,the positive rate of IgM was 33.33%,22.72% and 41.17% respectively.The difference between years was not statistically significant（χ2 =3.88,P〈0.05）.The positive rate was peaked in June（86.04%）,and no positive cases had been found during December in the last year to May in next year.All the detected cases were children under the age of 14,in which the youngest was 6 months and the oldest was 12 years old.The proportion of JE cases in different age groups,3-6 years old group was highest,accounting for 52.78%（19/36）;followed by 7-10 years old group,accounting for 22.22%（8/36）;the third was under 2 years old group,accounting for 19.44%（7/36）;and the 11-14 years old group was the lowest which was 5.56%（2/36）.Cases under 10 years old accounted for 94.44%（34/36）.Among the cases,24 cases were male,and 12 were female.The male to female ratio was 2∶1,males were more than females,except in the 3-6 years old group.Mostly diagnosing cases were scattered children which lived in Yulin city and its surrounding area.Conclusion The incidence of JE in Yulin during 2008-2010 had obvious seasonal peak,mainly in summer,and cases were all children,The cases in 3-6 years old group was the most.Vaccination strengthening,mosquito prevention and control work are the key to JE control.