公共卫生与人权

Public Health and Human Right

本文是置人权于中国公共卫生场域中的阐释。起因是2004年后——2004年,人权在中国入宪——当人们试图以人权作为转型中中国公共卫生的基础理念时,却发现从旧体制(计划经济体制)走出来的中国公共卫生很难在实际上接受人权:是同样地保护每一个人,还是保护大多数人;是首先着眼于管理,还是强调国家对每一个人的健康权的积极责任,是在中国,公共卫生必须面对的问题。

This article is an elaboration on public health in the context of human right in China. The subject has been raised since 2004 when the human right was included in the Constitution in China. As we want to use human right as one of essential concepts to develop transitional institution of China’s public health, we keep encountering barriers to doing so because the present institution comes from the country’s old system （the planned economy）, for instance, should we protect equally each of individuals, or to protect the majority？ Should we emphasize that the government akes active responsibility and accountability for the health right of each individual, or we only focus its role of administration in public health？ All such questions can not elude as building the public health in the context of human right.