中西方复仇文学主题褒贬倾向比较

A Comparative Study on the Praising and Sensuring Inclination to the Revengeful Literature between China and the West

古代中国复仇文学的道德化,带来了复仇评判普遍绝对化的倾向。西方文学由于偏重个体价值,复仇观念相对丰富复杂,每每表现一些不全是正义的、有争议的、甚至非正义的复仇。弘扬了正义与反暴的呼声,显示了上帝惩恶的神圣,也使人们愈益看清了复仇所带来的消极影响,即复仇的负价值。不像中国文学对复仇的非议讳莫如深,对复仇的肯定到了排他性的、不容非议的程度。此与西方思想推重“真”的传统有关,撒旦——魔鬼恶系统作为善的参照,使公理正义更加鲜明突出,正义复仇集中体现为为公理而战。中国传统思想推重“善”,缺少像撒旦这样恶的代表,因“善”较为单纯而充满了“善必胜恶”、“正必胜邪”的应然色彩。这种看复仇为满目辉煌的道德化倾向,影响了对复仇本身及复仇文学主题的思考与批判。

The western literature has traditionally the esteem for personal value and truth.Its revengeful concept involves the just,the contentious and even the unjust ones.It also has the evil system __ Satan,opposite to the good system.So the justice can be expressed better and more distinctively.But Chinese literature has absolutely positive comment on revenge.Good system is the core of Chinese traditional thought in stead of evil system.This kind of inclination impairs the thinking and criticizing for the theme of revengeful literature and revenge itself.