九寨沟世界遗产地旅游可持续发展实践和讨论

A Discussion of Sustainable Development of Tourism in Jiuzhaigou World Heritage Site

近30年来,九寨沟在推进旅游可持续发展方面进行了长期有益的探索和实践,其经验获得国内外的普遍认同。与此同时,日益增长的游客规模对生态环境和生物多样性保护的威胁,逐渐成为旅游可持续发展面临的最大挑战。生物多样性保护是九寨沟的使命之一,在游客容量测算中应予以充分考虑,这在游客规模日益增加的背景下尤显重要。但是目前传统的游客容量测算中却没有涉及生物多样性容量,而且由于生物多样性监测数据和相关知识不充分,生物多样性容量也难以进行测算。因此,需要在下一步有针对性地积累生物多样性监测数据,将其结果纳入游客容量测算中,并在此基础上探索执行以监测为基础的游客容量适应性管理机制。

In the past 30 years,Jiuzhaigou Scenic Area has been engaged in the exploration of sustainable development of tourism.It has achieved great success which is well recognized by professionals in China and other countries.At the same time,the threats to environment and biodiversity conservation caused by growing visitors are becoming one of the biggest challenges to the sustainable development of tourism.Biodiversity conservation is one of the fundamental missions of Jiuzhaigou,and it should be fully considered in carrying capacity measurement and management,which is even more important right now.However,the carrying capacity of biodiversity has not been taken the traditional carrying capacity measurement methods into account.And the current biodiversity data and related knowledge cannot meet the demands of the measurement.Therefore,the accumulation of biodiversity data by monitoring should be fully addressed and considered in the carrying capacity determination,and the adaptive management mechanisms on carrying capacity should be explored.