籼稻体细胞无性系雄性不育变异及其表现(英文)

Somaclonal Male-Sterile Mutants and Their Expressions in Indica Rice

通过组织培养,于1984—1988年间,在9个品种(14次)中离体筛选到雄性不育突变体48个,其中发生在R_1代的20个,R_2代的28个。根据花粉败育之特点,可将这些突变体分为无花粉型及花粉败育型。发现起源于IR54的一体细胞无性系“54257”,在其R_2代分离出雄性不育突变体,继之对它以各种品种进行测交,其杂种一代有的组合表现育性恢复,有的组合仍保持雄性不育。由此确证它属核质互作型雄性不育。该雄性不育突变体,就其恢保关系考察,初步认为其细胞质性质与野败型(WA型)类似。这是由体细咆无性变异产生核质互作型雄性不育的首例报道。

In past five years from 1984 to 1988, 48 cases of male sterile (ms) mutants in nine varieties were found, in which 30 cases belonged to R_1 generation and 28 to R_2 generation. The frequency of ms variation in R, generation was around 1% and 2% in R_2 generatiom. According to the characters of ms-mutants and their genetic expressions,pollen grain free(nuclear sterile) and abortive pollen (cytoplasmic genetic sterile) could be classified, In 1R54, two cases of pollen grain free ms-mutants were discovered similar in different generations (R_1 and R_2 generation) and different years (1985 and 1986) . Among ms-mutants of the abortive pollen type, one (54257) was found to be the cytoplasmic genetic male sterile mutant. Zheng-Shan 97, Er-Jiu-Ai,162-5 (a stable somaclonefrom IR52) and Gui-Chao 2 could maintain male sterility when crossed to the ms line (54257) . IR24, IR36, IR54,Shuang-Er-Zhan and others could restore its fertility. This result showed that '54257' was a cytoplasmic ms-mutant.This is the first sample that the cytoplasmic ms mutant could be induced by tissue culture in the world.