从正常中逃逸 到反常中舞蹈——论先锋小说的先锋意识

Escaping the Normal to Dance in the Abnormal: On Avantgarde Awareness in Avantgarde Novels

评论界之所以接受先锋小说 ,看重的是它的形式探索 ,大都忽视了其在“先锋”形式遮蔽下潜在的小说观念的先锋性。先锋小说在理论上直接挪用存在主义、精神分析等西方学术对人微观研究的观念 ,致力于探求人的深奥莫测的精神世界和千变万化的行为表现 ,实施对惯例的偏移 ,毫不留情地解构了传统的“宏大叙事” ;在对心理的展示上 ,它给予“分裂的自我”以无限温情 ,建构了关于人心灵的“另外一个王国” ;在对爱情的叙事中 ,它颠覆了传统的爱情模式 ,同时大肆张扬了性 ,以此反抗传统爱情观对人心灵的压抑。其先锋意识对后续小说潮流的影响和启示 ,均有不可低估的和永远的价值。

Critics accepted avantgarde novels chiefly because of their explorations into the literary form,but most of them neglected the avantgarde nature in the concept of fiction behind the form.Theoretically avantgarde novels copied existentialism,psychoanalysis and other Western concepts in their microprobes into peoples profound mentality and its expressions in their behaviour in deviation from convention.Psychologically they show much affection to the split ego' and have conceived another kingdom' about the mental world.In their stories about love the avantgarde novels have subverted traditional modes in extravagantly describing sex as a revolt against the mental suppression by traditional outlooks on love.Such avantgarde awareness has influenced later fictional art in a way that is never to be underestimated.