“得”字句与语体的关系

Relation Between de Sentence and Writing Style

运用计量统计的方法对“得”字句与语体的关系进行分析 ,根据统计结果 ,得出的结论是 :“得”字句出现频率最高的是文艺语体 ,下面依次为政论语体、科技语体和公文语体 ,同时作家个人语言风格的差别 ,也影响作品中“得”字句数量的多寡 ;“得”前谓词大多数是及物动词、不及物动词和形容词 ,其中及物动词“得”字句在各类语体中出现的次数最多 ;“得”后补语分表描述、评论和描述 评论 ,它们由于受语体的制约 ,根据表达需要进入各种语体 ,各尽其职。文中还对不同补语与各类词语的对应情况作了考察 。

Statistics show that de sentences appear most often in literary works,less often in political comments,still less in science and technology papers,and least in official documents.Their frequency is also affected by the language styles of the writers.Both transitive and intransitive verbs,as well as adjectives,may precede de,but of all styles of writing,it is the transitive verbs that are used most before de.The complements after de usually describe,comment,or do both,subject to the writing style or authors needs.A detailed comparison of the words used with de and their combinations are provided in the paper,with analyses into the whys and hows.