中小企业信用担保体系的发展方向与政府角色

On the Development of Credit Guarantee System of Mid & Small Corporations and the Role of the Government

文章分析了我国信用担保体系的发展与变革问题。综合西方学者的理论观点,认为信贷市场需要信用担保的原因,主要是信用担保可以有效缓解信贷市场信息不对称困境,保障贷款者的利益不受或少受损失;可以缓解信贷市场的信贷配给问题;信用担保能够传递借款者的信息;信用担保可以强化债务信用。我国从上世纪90年代初期开始启动了信用担保体系建设,形成了"一体两翼三层"的格局,目前却陷入了发展困境。研究认为,从我国中小企业的特色出发,应大力发展互助式信用担保机构,减少政策性担保机构的市场份额,建立以互助式信用担保为主体的新体系。政府应选择适当的方式重点扶持互助式担保机构的发展。

This paper analyzes the development and reformation of China＇s credit guarantee system.According to most western scholars＇ theoretical analysis,the reason why credit guarantee is needed in credit market is that credit guarantee can alleviate the dilemma of information asymmetry in credit market effectively,ensure holders are not or less affected by the loss of interests,ease credit rationing in credit market,transfer the borrower＇ information and strengthen credit debt.Credit guarantee system has been established since early 1990s.A pattern of ＂one body,two wings,three layers＂ has formed.However,the development of credit guarantee system falls into a dilemma at present.Based on the characteristics of China＇s mid small corporations,the writer of this paper suggests that we should vigorously develop mutual credit guarantee institutions,reduce the market share of policy guarantee institutions,establish a new system of mutual credit guarantee and the government should choose the appropriate ways to promote the development of mutual credit guarantee institutions.