大学跨学科科研组织:起源、类型及运行策略

The Interdisciplinary Research Organization of a University: Its Origin,Types and Operating Strategies

跨学科与学科相对,跨学科研究伴随着科学发展经历了一个从纯粹的学术活动到有计划的制度设计过程。跨学科科研组织可以分为独立建制型、利益分享型和独立预算型。大学跨学科科研组织面临着资源问题、评价问题、管理问题,需要通过以下途径来解决:在跨学科组织外部营造一种开放、宽容的文化氛围;跨学科项目的确立一定要慎重;要在跨学科组织内部培育信任、交流和共享机制。

The interdisciplinary field and the discipline are opposite to each other. With the advance of science, interdisciplinary research has developed from a purely academic activity to a planned process of institutional design. Interdisciplinary research organizations fall into three types： the independent organizational unit, the interest-sharing Unit and the independent budgeting unit. The problems which the interdisciplinary research organization is confronted with in resources, evaluation and management should be solved by creating an open and tolerant cultural atmosphere outside it, devising interdisciplinary projects with extreme caution and creating an internal mechanism to promote mutual trust, communication and sharing.