论梅林美学对马克思主义文艺批评的理论贡献及当代意义

On the Theoretical Contributions of Franz Mehring's Aesthetics to Marxist Literary Criticism and its Modern Significance

弗朗茨.梅林为早期马克思主义文艺批评理论做出了突出贡献。梅林19世纪末20世纪初的文学评论具有鲜明的批判精神。他继承地批判了德国古典美学思想,以历史唯物主义的态度重新书写德国文学史。同样,他关注无产阶级的文学创作,提倡以社会主义的现实主义表现抒发人们的情感。梅林的文学史和文学批评著作为马克思主义赢得了一部崭新的德国文学史;这是一个富有教益的起点。无论如何,梅林的批评理论都值得今天中国文学史书写者的借鉴。

Franz Mehring made an important contribution to early Marxist literary criticism.His literary reviews of the late 19th century and the early 20thwere marked with a strong critical spirit.He inherited and yet criticized classical German aesthetics and rewrote a history of German literature in the light of historical materialism.In the same vein,he paid attention to the literary practice of the proletariat and advocated the expression of sentiments through Marxist socialist realism.His history of literature and works of literary criticism won for Marxism a brand new history of German literature,which was a highly instructive point of departure.At any rate,Chine writers of history of literature can draw ample lessons from Mehring＇s critical theories.