摘要
The antiplasmodial activity and phytochemical analysis of P. niruri and All. lucida leaves and stem parts have been evaluated in different solvent （aqueous, ethanolic and dichloromethane）. Phytochemical analysis has been done using 5-methoxyflavone 10-4 M andα-gluconolactone 10-4 M in methanol 80% （pH 2） solvent to the HPLC （high performance liquid chromatography） and the TLC （thin layer chromatography）. RPMI 1640 （Rose Park Memorial Institute medium 1640） has been used for plasmodium strain culture and the antiplasmodial activity has been evaluated under microscopy with infected blood colored by Giemsa-stained thick. IC50 （The inhibitory concentration of extract would be killed 50% of parasites） was estimated. The results show that extracts of P. niruri exhibit more antiplasmodial activities （IC50：3.98 μg/50 μL for aqueous extract, between 9.5-19 μg/50 p.L for ethanolic extract and 5.3 Itg/50 laL for dichloromethane extract） than those of M. lucida （IC50：5.39 to 10.78 μg/50 μL, 12.265 μg/50 μL and 24.53 μg/50 μL） successively for queous, ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts. For the same antiplasmodial activity, the amount of extract of M. lucida is still higher than that of P. niruri. These results are explained by the composition of phenolic compounds that are found in P. niruri. This plant has therefore presented more spectra in the chromatogram （20 peaks for hydrolyzed extract and 27 peaks for unhydrolyzed extracts） comparing that ofM. lucida hydrolyzed or unhydrolyzed extracts with 13 and 14 peaks. TLC revealed compounds such as flavonols, flavan-3-ols. Nevertheless, quinine used as positive control presented the same antiplasmodial activity for the low doses for the drugs and our extracts presented weak antiplasmodial activity comparing previous works. The studies could continue for the isolation of active principle that of P. niruri.
