二斑叶螨抗四螨嗪品系筛选及其解毒酶活力变化

Resistance Selection Against Clofentezine in Tetranychus urticae(Koch) and Change of Its Detoxification Enzymes Activity

【目的】筛选二斑叶螨对四螨嗪的抗性,并明确其解毒酶的变化。【方法】采用室内生物测定和生化分析方法,研究二斑叶螨对四螨嗪的抗性发展趋势及其解毒酶活力变化。【结果】室内用四螨嗪筛选二斑叶螨21代(Clo-R21品系),抗性倍数(RR)为122.26;Clo-R21品系对哒螨.四螨嗪和浏阳霉素具有较高的交互抗性,RR分别为21.80和10.66;对阿维菌素、甲氰菊酯、三氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、三唑锡和苦皮藤生物碱具有低水平的交互抗性,RR分别为6.85、5.45、5.02、3.88、3.48、1.68;对苯丁锡、唑螨酯、噻螨酮具有负交互抗性,RR分别为0.72、0.65、0.55;增效剂磷酸三苯酯(TPP)、顺丁烯二酸二乙酯(DEM)、胡椒基丁醚(PBO)、增效磷(SV1)对抗Clo-R21品系的增效比值分别为1.39、1.70、6.78、1.64;Clo-R21品系体内羧酸酯酶(CarE)、酸性磷酸酯酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酯酶(ALP)、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GSTs)和多功能氧化酶(MFO)分别是敏感品系的2.25、2.04、1.91、1.98和26.68倍。【结论】二斑叶螨对四螨嗪的抗性主要受MFO介导,而CarE、ACP、ALP和GSTs也参与四螨嗪抗性的形成。

【Objective】The objective of this study is to assess the development trend of resistance and the activity change of detoxification enzyme of Tetranychus urticae（Koch）.【Method】 The experiment was carried out in laboratory by using the methods of biological assay and biochemical analysis.【Result】After selected with clofentezine for 21 generations,the resistance strain（Clo-R21） increased to 122.26-fold.Clo-R21 exhibited 21.80 and 10.66-fold moderate level cross-resistance to pyr-clofentezine and liuyangmycin.However,the strain had low level cross-resistance to abamectin,fenpropathrin,beta-cyfluthrin,cypermethrin,azocyclotin,and celastrusangulatus with 6.85,5.45,5.02,3.88,3.48,1.68-fold,respectively,and negative resistance to fenbutatin oxide,fenpyroximate,hydramethylnon,separately with 0.72,0.65,0.55-fold.Synergist experiments with different metabolic inhibitors revealed that triphenyl phosphate（TPP）,diethyl maleate（DEM）,piperonyl butoxide（PBO） and synergistic phosphorus（SV1）,resulted in 1.39,1.70,6.78 and 1.64-fold synergist ratios,respectively.The major resistant mechanism to clofentezine was the increasing activities of carboxylesterases（CarE）,acid phosphatase（ACP）,alkaline phosphatase（ALP）,glutathione-S-transferase（GSTs） and mixed function oxidase（MFO）.Compared to the susceptible strain,the enzyme activities in Clo-R21 developed 2.25,2.04,1.91,1.98 and 26.68 times.【Conclusion】 Activity increasing of MFO may play an important role in the resistance to clofentezine,meanwhile CarE,ACP,ALP,and GSTs may also confere resistance to the Clo-R21 strain.