国内外可能自我的研究回顾与展望

Retrospect and Prospect of researches on Possible Selves at home and abroad

Markus将自我图式中与个体潜能和未来相关的、具有未来定向的自我概念定义为可能自我。它不仅能激发、预测人的行为,还可以调整和指导行为,帮助个体做出适当决策以实现理想自我。目前国内外有关可能自我的研究包括常用测量方法,与性别、年龄、动机等的相关研究以及在学业、运动、心理健康和职业指导领域的应用研究。在今后的研究中,我们仍可以在可能自我的概念、研究领域、研究群体以及研究的实用性等方面做出一些展望。

Markus came up with a term called ＂possible selves＂ which was related to the future potential of individuals among self-schema and associated with the future orientation of self-concept.Possible selves may not only stimulate and predict human behaviors,but also adjust and guide them to help individuals to make appropriate decisions to achieve their ideal selves.So far,researches on it at home and abroad include its measurements,correlations with gender,age,motivation,as well as its application to academic,sports,mental health and vocational guidance.We can also make some prospects about possible selves on its concept,research fields,study groups and its practice.