机身壁板结构双光束双侧激光焊工艺及设备研究进展

Research and progress of welding by both side technology and equipment for body siding structure of twin laser beam welding

激光焊作为一种高质量、高精度、低变形和高速度的焊接方法,在航空制造业中的应用越来越广泛。机身壁板由铆接改为焊接,可以提高生产效率,极大地减轻构件的重量,同时具有更良好的气密性。采用双光束双侧激光焊接工艺生产的客机机身壁板蒙皮长桁连接结构整体壁板,已被空客多种成熟机型大量采用。文中主要介绍双光束激光焊接工艺以及相应的大型激光焊接平台的系统结构、特点和功能,从而对国内建设类似的大型激光焊接平台进行探讨性分析与建议。

Compared with some traditional welding methods,laser beam welding has advantages of high - quality,high precision,low distortion and high speed.It has been widely used in aerospace manufacturing.Laser beam welding method can replace the riveting in the manufacturing of primary aircraft structure,which has the potential to realize reductions in both manufacturing costs and structural weight.The double side laser beam welding process for fuselage shells had been widely used in many aircraft of Airbus.The characteristics of laser welding process and its problems to be solved were focused in this paper.The system structure,characteristics and functions of the large welding platform were also described,which offers creative opinions on the building of similar large laser welding platform in China.