激光深熔焊体积热源模型计算精度的比较

Comparison of calculation accuracy of volumetric heat source models for laser deep penetration welding

通过激光深熔焊焊缝横断面形状、尺寸进行模拟计算,定量分析比较了目前具有代表性的激光焊体积热源模型的计算精度。研究结果表明,双椭球体热源、高斯旋转体热源和热流峰值线性递增-柱状热源模拟焊缝形状的精度较差;而三维锥体热源和热流峰值指数递增-锥体热源在模拟激光深熔焊焊缝形状和尺寸方面都具有较好的精度,且后者由于考虑了激光热流在焊件厚度方向的分布特征,其热流分布区域更接近实际焊接过程,模拟精度也更高。

Through simulating the weld geometry and dimensions in laser deep penetration welding,the calculation accuracies of the representative volumetric heat source models were quantitatively analyzed and compared.The results show that,for double ellipsoid heat source model, rotary Gaussian body heat source model and the peak density linearly increasing-cylindrical heat source model,their simulation accuracy of weld geometry is poor.The conic heat source model and peak density exponentially increasing-conic heat source model have high calculation precision in both weld geometry and dimensions,and the latter has the heat flux distribution domain closer to the actual welding process and is of higher precision due to considering the distribution feature of laser flux along the thickness direction of workpiece.