天然淀粉改性水处理剂的研制及其对重金属、染料的吸附

Preparaion of modified starch and its adsorption properties for heavy metal ions and dyestuffs

重金属及染料是环境水体中危害极大的两类污染物,将天然淀粉进行交联、接枝改性制备的二硫代氨基甲酸基(DTC)淀粉对这两类污染物具有极强的吸附能力,其吸附重金属后的残留物安全、无毒,且可多次再生重复利用。对吸附产物的表面和结构分析表明,吸附作用主要发生在淀粉颗粒的表面,通过螯合作用吸附重金属离子,通过静电作用吸附染料分子。采用酶解、溶胶-凝胶等方法对天然淀粉进行预处理可显著提高饱和吸附量。

Starch after being crosslinked and grafted with di- thiocarbamate group （DTC group） could become the DTC- starch which was an excellent adsorbent for heavy metal ions and dyestuffs from wastewater. As an adsorbent the DTC- starch could be regenerated for many times with good safety a- quatics. Some researchers have indicated that metal ions and dyestuffs were adsorbed on the surface of the DTC-starch with chelation and static effect, respectively. So to improve the ad- sorption quantity of the DTC-starch, starch could be pretreated to be porous starch.