改性蛋白酶的制备及其在羊毛防毡缩整理中的应用

Preparation of modified protease and its application on antifelting finishing of wool

针对生物酶法处理羊毛防毡缩易出现的强力损伤问题,采用对蛋白酶进行聚合物接枝改性的方法增大蛋白酶体积而限制其向纤维内部扩散,使其对羊毛鳞片的分解停留在表层,降低酶分解作用对羊毛的强力损伤。将聚合物Eudragit L100经碳二亚胺活化后,通过共价键对碱性蛋白酶Esperase 8.0L进行接枝,形成改性蛋白酶Eudragit-Esperase(EE),使得Esperase 8.0L蛋白酶的分子质量从4.1～6.5 kDa增大至45 kDa以上,经分析测试,其基本达到改性要求。羊毛织物经改性蛋白酶EE处理后,与用蛋白酶Esperase 8.0L处理织物的性能相比,织物的失重率降低21.90%,拉伸断裂强力提高13.10%,说明EE可显著降低羊毛纤维的损伤。同时,经EE处理后羊毛织物的面积毡缩率从原毛织物的8.12%降至0.89%,表明改性蛋白酶EE处理赋予织物良好的防毡缩性能。

Because bio-enzymatic antifelting finishing of wool tends to cause strength loss of the finished wool,polymer grafting modified protease is used in the antifelting finishing of wool.The grafting modification made the protease become bigger and therefore hindered it to diffuse into the inside of the fiber so that the protease only degraded the scales on the surface of the wool,thus reducing the strength loss.Polymer Eudragit L100 was firstly activated by carbodiimide and then grafted onto alkaline protease Esperase 8.0L through covalent bond,thus to obtain modified protease Eudragit-Esperase（EE）,in which,the molecular weight of Esperase 8.0L was increased from 4.1-6.5 kDa to over 45 kDa.Testing results showed the modification requirement was basically met.When compared with the wool fabric finished with protease Espperase 8.0L only,the wool fabric finished with modified protease EE offered remarkable benefits： weight reduction rate reduced by 21.90%,tensile strength increased by 13.10%,and area shrinkage reduced from the original 8.12% to 0.89%,indicating that wool fiber damage is significantly reduced and excellent antifelting property imparted to the wool.