北京市延庆县青少年吸烟行为及影响因素分析

Smoking behavior and its relative factors among adolescents in Yanqing county,Beijing

目的了解北京市延庆县青少年吸烟行为及影响因素。方法在北京市延庆县随机抽取5所学校1 466名学生进行匿名问卷调查。结果报告尝试吸烟率为32.9%,现在吸烟率为12.3%,吸烟率为6.5%;吸烟率男生高于女生,中等职业学校学生高于高中和初中学生;开始吸烟年龄<12岁者占50.1%,尝试吸第1支烟的最主要原因是出于好奇(274人,59.4%),中学生吸烟者最常与学校内的同学或朋友一起吸烟占62.1%;56.3%的学生报告学校周边可以买到烟,初中报告率最高;多元Logistic回归分析显示,职高学生、男生、有同伴吸烟、想模仿影视剧中的吸烟形象、心理健康问题严重程度、学习成绩较差是中学生尝试吸烟行为发生的危险因素,对吸烟态度的正确持有、家中有限制吸烟规定是中学生尝试吸烟行为发生的保护因素。结论北京市延庆县青少年吸烟行为不容乐观,应尽早有针对性地开展预防教育和干预工作。

Objective To examine smoking behavior and to explore the psychosocial factors associated with smoking among adolescents in Yanqing county,Beijing city. Methods Totally 1 466 students from 5 middle schools or vocational schools in Yanqing county were randomly selected for a anonymous questionnaire survey. Results The reported rate of attempting to smoke was 32.9% and the current smoking rate was 12.3%,with a reported ever-smoking rate of 6.5%.The smoking rate of the males was higher than that of the females and the smoking rate of vocational students was higher than those of middle and high school students.For the students with an attempt to smoke,50.1% had the first smoking before the age of 12 years and 59.4% tried to smoke because of curiousness.Among the middle school students with smoking behavior,62.1% had smoked with their classmates or friends.There were 56.3% of the students reporting cigarette purchase around the schools.Multivariate logistic regrssion analyses showed that the risk factors of smoking were studying in vocational school,male gender,smoking behaviror of the peers,the eagerness to imitate smoking activity of the performers in film or TV program,with mental health problem,and with poor study archievement;the protective factors for attempt to smoke were with correct attitude to smoking and the restriction on smoking at home. Conclusion The smoking behavior among adolescents in Yangqing county is prevalent and specific intervention should be conducted as soon as possible.