杏仁种皮黑色素提取工艺优化

Optimization of Extraction Process for Melanin Pigment from Apricot Kernel Skin

以杏仁种皮为试验材料,采用碱溶解酸沉淀的方法提取黑色素,以氢氧化钠溶液浓度、提取温度、提取时间、料液比为考察因素,以黑色素得率为指标,通过单因素和正交试验,研究山杏种皮黑色素的提取工艺。结果表明:氢氧化钠浓度、提取温度、料液比3个因素对黑色素的得率均表现出极显著(P<0.01)影响;3个因素对黑色素提取得率影响的主次顺序为提取温度>氢氧化钠浓度>料液比;最佳工艺为氢氧化钠浓度0.4mol/L、提取温度80℃、提取时间6h、料液比1:20(g/mL),黑色素得率达到7.2%。

Melanin is a kind of complex polymeric phenolic compound,which can be used in the field of medicine,cosmetics,food and electron.In this work,melanin was extracted from apricot kernel skin by alkaline extraction,acid hydrolysis,and repeated precipitation,and one-factor-at-a-time and orthogonal array design methods were used to optimize four extraction conditions including NaOH concentration,extraction temperature,extraction time and material-to-liquid ratio based on melanin yield.Three extraction conditions except extraction time had a highly significant effect on melanin yield（P 0.01）,and could be ranked in descending order of importance as follows： extraction temperature NaOH concentration material-to-liquid ratio.The optimal extraction conditions were NaOH concentration of 0.4 mol/L,extraction temperature of 80 ℃,and extraction duration of 6 h,and material-to-liquid ratio of 1：20.Under these conditions,the yield of melanin was 7.2%.