词语记忆量表在老年人认知功能损害中的应用

Application of word memory scale in elderly cognitive impairment patients

目的评估词语记忆量表在区分正常老年人、轻度认知功能损害(MCI)及轻度阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者中的应用。方法选择认知功能正常者108例(对照组),MCI患者105例(MCI组)及轻度AD患者57例(轻度AD组),进行简易智能状态检查量表及词语记忆量表检查,量表内容包括词语即刻回忆、延迟回忆、原词再认和新词再认,并分析各组的词语记忆得分及组间比较。结果与对照组比较,MCI组及轻度AD组的词语记忆量表各项得分均降低,且延迟回忆得分降低显著,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000);3组间各项得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),MCI组与轻度AD组比较,延迟回忆、原词再认和新词再认差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析对年龄和教育程度进行调整后,年龄影响第1次即刻回忆、第2次即刻回忆、延迟回忆;临床诊断影响词语记忆量表的各项得分,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论词语记忆量表中的延迟回忆及延迟再认有助于MCI的早期识别以及MCI与轻度AD的鉴别。

Objective To assess the application of word memory scale in distinguishing normal elderly subjects from those with mild cognitive impairment（MCI） and Alzheimer’s disease（AD）.Methods One hundred and eight healthy subjects,105 MCI patients and 57 mild AD patients served as control group,MCI group and mild AD group,respectively.Their immediate recall,delayed recall and recognition of words（old and new word recognition） were assessed following the MMSE and word memory scale with their word memory scores analyzed and compared.Results The word memory scores,especially the delayed recall,were significantly lower in MCI and mild AD groups than in control group（P=0.000）.The delayed recall and recognition of words were significantly better in MCI group than in mild AD group（P〈0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that the word memory scores were significantly different between the 3 groups after adjustment of their age and education level（P=0.000）.Conclusion Delayed recall and recognition of words in the word memory scale contribute to the early recognition of MCI and distinguish MCI from mild AD.