精神分裂症患者噎食原因分析

The Choke of Patients with Schizophrenia

目的对住院精神分裂症患者发生噎食的原因进行分析,为临床预见性护理干预,减少意外事件的发生提供可靠依据。方法对2000年1月1日至2010年1月1日住院治疗期间发生噎食的30例精神分裂症患者的资料采用自制调查表进行记录和回顾性分析。结果发生噎食的30例患者中男21人(70%),女9人(30%);年龄50岁以上最多(57%);精神分裂症各型中以紧张型(50%)及青春型(30%)发生噎食最多;住院时间≥3个月者最常见(83%);噎食在午餐最多(50%),其次是早餐(37%);最容易引起噎食的食物是面食(47%),其次是米饭(27%);服用典型抗精神病药者(73%)较服用非典型抗精神病药者(27%)发生率高。结论高龄,长期住院,男性,服用高剂量典型抗精神病药,进食面食,精神分裂症紧张型及青春型是住院精神分裂症患者发生噎食的高危因素。

Objective To systematically analyze the factors of choke incidents of hospitalized patients with schizophrenia,and provide reliable basis for foresight nursing intervention and reducing accidents in clinic.Methods Collected 30 schizophrenia patients who had choked from 2000.1.1 to 2010.1.1,and record and retrospectively analyze their data using the self-designed questionnaires.Results There were 21 male patients（70%） and 9 female patients（30%） among 30 patients.57% patients were above 50 years old.Patients with Catatonic schizophrenia（50%） and Hebephrenic schizophrenia（30%） happened the choke.Most of them were patients who stayed in hospital more than three months（83%）.The choke incidents often took place during lunch（50%）and breakfast（37%）.The food which most easily lead to choke was flour food（47%）and rice（27%）.The incidence rate in typical antipsychotic（73%） was higher than atypical antipsychotic（27%）.Conclusion Old,long-term hospitalizations,male,typical antipsychotic,flour food,Catatonic schizophrenia and Hebephrenic schizophrenia are the risk factors of choke in patients with schizophrenia.