石油污染土壤的生物修复室内模拟实验研究

Experimental study on bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil

在实验室模拟的条件下,利用从克拉玛依的石油污染土壤中筛选出的4株高效降解菌,以石油烃降解率、脱氢酶活性、呼吸强度、微生物量碳氮和土壤毒性作为评价指标,研究不加生物菌剂不翻耕、不加生物菌剂翻耕、加生物菌剂不翻耕、加生物菌剂翻耕、加固定化菌剂不翻耕和加固定化菌剂翻耕6种不同实验条件对石油污染土壤修复的效果。结果表明,在63 d的修复过程中,加固定化菌剂翻耕实验F组的石油去除率达到了78.7%,比不加生物菌剂不翻耕实验A组的石油去除率提高了49.5%。随着土壤毒性逐渐降低,玉米(Zea mays L.)和赤子爱胜蚓(Eisenia fetida)可以在F组土壤中良好的生长,达到了修复的效果。

The bioremediation effect of six different methods on oil-contaminated soil,by using of four strains isolated in oil-contaminated soil of Karamay areas,was studied under laboratory simulative conditions.All these methods were implemented by certain treatment on the contaminated soil,including：natural condition（without strain inoculums as well as ploughing）,only ploughing,only bacteria strain inoculums,bacteria strain inoculums and ploughing,only immobilized microbial agents,immobilized microbial agents and ploughing,meanwhile,the biodegradation efficiency,dehydrogenase activity,microbial biomass and toxicity of the studied soil were strictly monitored during these six different treatments in pot experiments.The results showed that the removal efficiency of group F,with ploughing and immobilized microbial agents,was 78.7%.It was 49.5% higher than that of group A with neither strain inoculums nor ploughing in 63 days.Due to the decreasing of the soil toxicity,Zea mays L.and Eisenia fetida could grow well,which suggested that the bioremediation worked well.