花颜色和花气味的量化研究方法

Quantitative studies of floral color and floral scent

花颜色和花气味是花部构成的重要内容。在已开展的传粉生态学研究中对二者的报道主要是描述性的,而其量化研究可以为揭示传粉机制提供有力的实验证据。本文主要介绍了花颜色的测量和标定方法,包括比色卡、分光色差仪和便携式光谱仪等;花气味的采集方法,包括动态顶空套袋-吸附采集法、吸附-溶剂洗脱法和固相微萃取法等;花气味的检测和分析方法,包括气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析和电子鼻型超速气相色谱仪分析等;以及昆虫行为学实验方法,包括气相色谱-昆虫触角电位联用技术、Y型嗅觉仪和飞行箱实验等。科研人员可以根据实验材料的特点和实验目的选择适合的量化研究方法。

Floral color and scent are two important components of floral design. Although previous studies on floral design have been mostly descriptive. The exploration on their quantitative studies can provide key evidence to learn pollination mechanisms. Our study focuses on recently developed methods for the quantita- tive measurement of floral color and floral scent. We introduce three floral color measurement and plotting methods, including color chart, colorimeter and spectrometer. Dynamic headspace collection-adsorption, ad- sorption-solvent desorption and solid phase micro-extraction are the three frequently-used floral scent collec- tion methods and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and zNose are usually used in floral scent analysis. Lastly, gas chromatography with electroantennographic detector, Y-tube olfactometer and flight cage ex- periment can help us to evaluate insect behavior.