泌尿系感染病原菌及耐药性分析

Pathogens causing urinary tract infection and current status of drug resistance

目的调查分析泌尿系感染的细菌谱及耐药性,指导临床合理用药。方法病原菌分离鉴定按卫生部《全国临床检验规程》进行,药敏试验采用K-B法。结果泌尿系感染的主要病原菌是革兰阴性杆菌,占73.6%,依次为大肠埃希菌占49.2%、铜绿假单胞菌占10.4%、肺炎克雷伯菌占5.2%;革兰阳性菌占18.8%;真菌占7.6%;革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南、呋喃妥因、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦的敏感率比较高,而对头孢类、氨苄西林、氨曲南等耐药率较高,革兰阳性球菌对糖肽类、利奈唑胺的敏感性为100.0%。结论细菌耐药性日趋严重,合理使用抗菌药物刻不容缓。

OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the pathogens causing urinary tract infections and the drug resistance,to guide the clinical rational use of antibiotics.METHODS The pathogens were isolated and identified according to National Clinical Test Procedures.The antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by adopting K-B method.RESULTS Gram-negative bacilli were predominant pathogens causing urinary tract infections,accounting for 73.6%,followed by Escherichia coli（49.2%）,Pseudomonas aeruginosa（10.4%）,Klebsiella pneumoniae（5.2%）;gram-positive bacteria accounted for 18.8%;fungi accounted for 7.6%.The susceptibility rates of gram-negative bacilli to imipenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam,and nitrofurantoin were relatively high,while the resistance rates to cephalosporins,ampicillin,and aztreonam were relatively high.The susceptibility rates of gram-positive cocci to glycopeptides and linezolid were 100.0%.CONCLUSION Bacterial resistance is increasingly serious,reasonable use of antibiotics is urgent.