不同作物套栽对枯草芽孢杆菌控制石榴枯萎病效果的影响

Control of Pomegranate Wilt by Combination of Bacillus subtilis and Vegetation Intercropping

本文室内测定了枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis对石榴枯萎病菌Ceratocystis fimbriata的抑菌作用,检测其在石榴Punica granatum、番茄Lycopersicum esculentum、大豆Glycine max、青菜Brassica chinensis、芫荽Coriandrum sativum、大葱Allium fistulosum var. giganteum和大蒜Allium sativum根际的定殖动态及其结合作物套栽对石榴枯萎病的盆栽控制效果。结果表明,芽孢杆菌在不同供试植物根际的定殖能力差异大,在石榴根际的定殖力弱,在番茄、大葱和大蒜根际的定殖力强;作物套栽结合施用芽孢杆菌明显地减轻了石榴枯萎病的发病程度,其中芽孢杆菌结合套栽番茄、大葱和大蒜的平均防效分别达78.14%、80.99%和78.91%。综上所述,套栽番茄、大葱和大蒜有望成为一种提高枯草芽孢杆菌控制石榴枯萎病的有效手段。

The present study was carried out to detect the inhibition activity of Bacillus subtilis against pomegranate wilt pathogen Ceratocystis fimbriata in laboratory.Colonization dynamics of B.subtilis in rhizosphere of pomegranate（Punica granatum）,tomato（Lycopersicum esculentum）,soybean（Glycine max）,rape（Brassica chinensis）,coriander（Coriandrum sativum）,green Chinese onion（Allium fistulosum var.giganteum） and garlic（Allium sativum） plants were investigated.Control efficiency of B.subtilis in combination with intercropping the 6 vegetation on pomegranate wilt in pot experiments were evaluated as well.Results showed that the strain of B.subtilis strongly restrained colony growth of C.fimbriata.Colonization capacity of B.subtilis in rhizosphere of pomegranate and other 6 plants was significantly different.Rhizosphere of L.esculentum,A.fistulosum var.giganteum and A.sativum could offer feasible environment for B.subtilis multiplication,whereas P.granatum could not.B.subtilis application in combination with vegetation intercropping of tomato,green chinese onion and garlic plants obviously reduced the disease index of pomegranate wilt,with control efficiency of 78.14%,80.99% and 78.91%,respectively.The results indicated that B.subtilis in combination with vegetation intercropping of tomato,green Chinese onion and garlic plants is of great potential for pomegranate wilt control in field.