几种化学调节剂及其组合对板栗雌花数量及结实性能的影响

Effects of Several Chemical Regulators and Their Combinations on Female Flower Number and Fruit Bearing in Chinese Chestnut

用 BR、GA3 、PP3 3 3 、KH2 PO4 、H3 BO3 共 5种化学调节物质进行了叶面喷布试验 ,观察它们在板栗开花结果上的效应。结果表明 ,不同药剂、浓度及药剂组合对板栗母枝平均结果枝数、长度、每结果枝雌花序数 ,母枝平均雄花枝数 ,单果质量 ,三果率和空苞率的影响有明显的差异。综合考虑化学调节物质在提高板栗雌花量和果实产量 ,以及降低空苞率上的试验效果 ,最佳的化学处理为 BR0 .0 1mg· L-1+PP3 3 3 1g· L-1+KH2 PO4 7.5g· L-1+H3 BO3 5.0 g· L-1,可使板栗结果枝数目平均由 1.2个增加至 2 .833个 ,结果枝平均雌花数由 1.56 7个增加到 1.8个 ,平均空苞率由 30 .70 %降至 9.0 3%

The concentration experiment and orthogonal design experiment of BR,GA 3,PP 333 ,KH 2PO 4 and H 3BO 3 were conducted by foliar spraying for flowering and fruit bearing in Chinese chestnut. The results showed that,the differences of chemical regulators,concentrations and their combinations have various impacts on the number of fruit bearing shoots per mother shoot,the length of fruit bearing shoot,the number of female inflorescence per fruit bearing shoot,the number of male flower shoots per mother shoot,weight per nut,percentage of 3 nuts per involucre and percentage of empty shell chestnut,respectively. The optimum treatment of chemical regulation for enhancing the number of female flowers and the fruit yield,as well as for reducing the percentage of empty shell chestnut is BR 0.01 mg·L -1 +PP 333 1 000 mg·L -1 +KH 2PO 4 7 500 mg·L -1 +H 3BO 3 5 000 mg·L -1 according to the results obtained by chemical regulating experiments,which can raise the number of fruit bearing shoots per mother shoot from 1.2 to 2.833,enhance the number of female inforescence per fruit bearing shoot from 1.567 to 1.8 and drop the average percentage of empty shell chestnut from 30.70% to 9.03%.