“短板”淘汰式评标方法及其应用研究

Bid Evaluation Method and Its Application Based on the Identification of Individual Inferior Situation

国内外主要的评标方法是从综合评价的角度来选择优秀的投标人,忽略了中标人的劣势可能隐含的风险;最优秀的投标人应该是不能顺利完成工程建设的风险最小;不能顺利完成工程建设的风险常常取决于投标人的"短板"。本文提出基于识别个体劣势来发现投标人"短板"的方式,并依此形成一种"短板"淘汰式评标方法。本方法主要由整体挑剔和挑剔个体两个环节构成:通过整体挑剔,按照工程的目标价值取向,客观确定各指标的权重,对投标人进行排名;通过挑剔个体,剔除"短板"短的个体。本文还模拟了大伙房水库输水工程水源地堤防工程的评标。理论和模拟表明本方法具有科学性和可操作性,并能够降低工程的履约风险。

The main bid evaluation methods both at home and abroad are from the perspective of comprehensive evaluation,without considering the risk hidden behind the inferiority of winning bidders.The best winning bidders should have the least risk of not finishing the project construction.But the risk of not finishing the project construction usually lies not in a low comprehensive level,but in shortcomings related to engineering constructions.This paper puts forward a method that can express bidder shortcomings by identifying individual inferiority situation,and form an ＂inferiority-eliminating bid evaluation method＂.This method is composed of two parts： first,on the basis of all the participating evaluator＇s indication performance,ranking the bidders by objectively and dynamically determining the weight of each indicator through whole hypercritical process on the basis of target value;second,removing the lowest individual by hypercritics.By use of this method,this paper simulates the bid evaluation of water resources embankment project of Da Huofang Reservoir water transport project.Both theoretic conclusion and simulation result show the method is scientific and operable,and it can reduce potential risks in performing contracts.