肺不张形成原因分析及临床治疗方案探讨

Discussion of cause and clinical treatment of atelectasis formation

目的探讨肺不张形成原因及临床治疗方案。方法回顾性分析142例肺不张病例,分析形成原因,不同疾病对肺不张的好发部位、分布及治疗方法。结果肺不张形成的疾病以结核(47.2%)、肿瘤(32.4%)、炎症(14.8%)为多见。支气管镜对结核、炎症引起肺不张有较好治疗价值。结论 CT及支气管镜检查是了解肺不张病因的重要方法,应注意基础治疗,如鼓励患者咳嗽、翻身拍背、超声雾化、反复吸痰和纤维支气管镜检查等。

Objective To discuss the cause of atelectasis formation and its clinical treatment.Methods Retrospective analysis of 142 cases of pulmonary atelectasis,and analyed the reason of atelectasis formation,the easily-affected location,distribution and treatment method of different diseases on pulmonary atelectasis.Results Atelectasis-related diseases are mainly tuberculosis（47.2%）,cancer（32.4%）,inflammation（14.8%）.Bronchoscopy has great therapeutic value to tuberculosis and inflammation caused by pulmonary atelectasis.Conclusions CT and bronchoscopy are important ways to understand the cause of atelectasis.Attention should be paid to basic treatment,such as encouraging the patient cough,turning back,ultrasonic atomization,repeated sputum suction and fiberoptic bronchoscopy.