《刑事诉讼法》修改凸显人权保障——论不得强迫自证有罪和非法证据排除条款

Amendment Of China's Criminal Procedure Law HighlightsHuman Rights Protection:on Privilege AgainstSelf-Incrimination and Exclusionary Rule

此次我国《刑事诉讼法》修改,规定了不得强迫任何人证实自己有罪,还增加了非法证据排除的规定。这些新增内容之间存在紧密联系,每一项又有各自的意义。"不强迫自证其罪"条款是"尊重和保障人权"的进一步体现,关系到我国刑事侦查、检察和司法部门的职责和个人权利的保障;非法证据排除是落实不强迫自证其罪的具体措施,通过约束侦查部门取证行为对侵犯个人权利提供了补救措施。这些都是我国《刑事诉讼法》在原则性和制度方面的重大修改。文章详细研究了新增加的这些条款的确切含义,指出其中的进步意义,分析了存在的问题,提出执行新增加的这些法律条文必须注意的事项。

Amendments of China＇s criminal procedure law clearly stipulate that no one shall be compelled to incriminate themselves, which directly reflects respect and safeguarding of human rights in the criminal justice sys- tem. It also goes beyond the criminal justice system by safeguarding the rights of society as a whole. The amend- ment also added the exclusionary rule. Five new articles are related to the rule, including the exclusion of oral evi- dence, the procuratorate＇s function in suppressing the illegal evidence, court hearing process of suppressing the evi- dence, burden of proof and level of proof. These contents have formed a complete system of exclusionary rule. These articles have been made on the basis of extensive theoretical researches and experiences of practice at home and abroad and in line with the United Nations＇ guidelines on international criminal justice.