大力推广旱作节水农业技术推动宁南山区农业持续稳定发展

Energetically Extending Rainfed Water-Saving Farming Technique and Promoting Continuous and Stable Development of Agriculture in Southerm Mountainous Area of Ningxia

对宁南山区自十一届三中全会以来的 2 0年间在旱作节水农业技术开发中取得的 11个方面的重大进展与突破进行了综合评述。这 11个方面的进展与突破包括 :调整旱作农业发展战略 ;以小流域为单元实行综合治理 ;开辟多种水源 ,扩大补充灌溉 ;坚持旱作基本农田建设 ;推行坡耕地水土保持耕作法 ;建立以“五墒耕作法”为内容的抗旱耕作技术体系 ;培肥地力 ,以肥调水 ;引进、选育与推广耐旱作物和抗旱品种 ;大力发展覆盖种植技术 ;积极推行立体复合种植技术 ;示范、应用抗旱增产化学调控技术。提出了继续推进宁南山区旱作节水农业新技术的深化 ,必须坚持统一规划、分类指导、分区治理的原则 ,正确处理旱作雨养农业与补充灌溉农业的关系 ,坚持旱农经验与现代旱作节水农业科技相结合 ,以粮食为先导 ,农牧结合 ,农林牧综合发展 ,走可持续发展道路。

A Comprehensive Summarization was made on 11 important progresses and breakthroughs in development and application of rainfed water-saving farming technique in southerm mountainous area of Ningxia during past 20 years since third plenary session of 11th party congress. These progresses and breakthroughs include: adjustment of development strategy of rainfed water-saving agriculture; carrying out comprehensive renovation of the area with mini-catchment area as a unit; opening up various sources of water and enlarging supplementary irrigation; persisting in construction of basic rainfed farmland; extending conservation tillage of sloping farmland; establishment of drought-resisitant cultivation technique system with the “5 cultivation methods for promotion of soil moisture ' as content; building up soil fertility and bringing more water into play through promotion of fertility; introduction, breeding and extension of drought-resistant crops and varieties; energetically developing mulch planting technique; actively carrying out interplanting technique,; demonstration and application of drought-resistant and yield-increasing chemical regulating technique. It is put forward thatin order to continously push ahead with rainfed water-saving farming techinque in southerm mountainous area of Ningxia, the principles of unified planning, instructing according to different categories and implementing based on different areas must be insisted on ,the relationship betwween rainfed farming and supplementary irrigation farming must be tackled correctly, the combination of rainfed farming experiences and modern rainfed water-saving farming technique must be insisted on, the grain production should be as guide, planting and animal husbandry should be combined, planting, animal husbandry and forestry should be developed in an integrate way and a sustainable development approach should be followed.