小型无人机对地跟踪系统图像清晰化及仿真

Image Restoration and Simulation for Small UAV Tracking System

研究小型无人机机载摄像机图像退化的复原问题。为了提高盘旋工作状态下图像恢复效果,针对小型无人机盘旋工作状态与平飞作状态图像退化机理的差异,通过对图像模糊过程进行分析,根据小型无人机摄像特点,给出了小型无人机盘旋状态图像清晰化方案。即通过量化将同时存在不同像移量的图像分成几个区域,在各区域中像移量一致,再对各区域采用维纳滤波并行处理,最后合并成整体图像。仿真结果表明,清晰化方案在盘旋状态下,退化图像能取得较好的恢复效果,且抗噪性能较强。

In this paper, we focused on the image restoration problem based on carrying vidicon of small UAV. In order to improve the effect of image restoration under the case that UAV is flying in circle flight mode. By analyzing the differentness of image degradation mechanism under the level flight mode and circle flight mode, a restoration method on circle flight mode was given based on the flight character of small UAV and the analysis of image blurred process. According to the relationships between image motion and high-speed ratio, camera parameters, and flight parameters, an entire blurred image was segmented into a few slices by quantizing different motion rates. Finally, the image was restored by Wiener filtering algorithm part by part and then the slices were combined together. Experiments show that the project can restore image effectively and can be used in reality.