“权力—财产权”体系的路径依赖与“长普京时代”俄罗斯经济的发展前景

The Path-dependence of the “Power-property” System and Russia's Economic Development Prospect in the Long “Putin Era”

俄罗斯近20多年来的经济转型实践表明,其交换机制确与理想的规范市场经济有很大不同。普京当政以来之所以能推动俄经济出现较为快速的增长,主要原因是摒弃了叶利钦时代对权力和财产分离的西方自由市场经济模式的"制度移植",重新回归以国家作用主导为核心的"权力—财产权"体系并使之得到加强。普京赢得2012年总统选举意味着一个自2000年开始并将至少延续至2018年的"长普京时代"仍处于历史进程中。但正是"权力—财产权"体系的日益固化使普京政权面临着新的挑战,俄经济现代化的前景仍有较大的不确定性。

The practices of Russia's economic transformation over the past 20-plus years indicate that there exists much difference between Russia's 'exchange mechanism' and an ideal standardized market economy.The relatively rapid economic growth Russia has achieved since Putin assumed power should be mainly attributed to it abandoning of the 'institutional transplantation' of the Western free market economic model adopted during the Yeltsin era,which advocates the separation between power and properties,as well as the return to the 'power-property' system,in which the state plays a leading role,and its strengthening.Putin's victory in the 2012 presidential election means that the long 'Putin era',which started from 2000 and continues at least until 2018,will still dominate Russia's historical course.However,it is exactly the ever-increasing fixation of such a 'power-property' system that will bring new challenges to the Russian Putin regime and add some uncertainties to Russia's economic modernization drive.