荔湾区公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生管理状况调查

Sanitation Administration in Central Air Conditioning Systems of Public Places in Liwan District

目的了解广州市荔湾区公共场所集中空调通风系统使用和管理情况,以及冷却水塔嗜肺军团菌污染状况。方法对辖区内35家具有集中空调通风系统的公共场所调查了28家单位,对系统的类型、使用年限、设计和卫生管理情况进行了问卷和现场调查,并采集这28家的系统冷却塔冷却水样品,进行嗜肺军团菌的实验室检测分析。结果荔湾区公共场所集中空调通风系统没有1家制定预防空气传播性疾病应急预案,设计的新风量只有15家(53.6%)符合国家要求,3家(10.7%)安装空气消毒装置,2009年只有2家(7.1%)进行过通风管道清洗,冷却水塔进行定期消毒的只有3家(10.7%)等等。空调冷却塔的冷却水中军团菌检出率为60.7%。结论广州市荔湾区公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况较差,卫生职能部门要加强监督检测,使用单位应进行整改并建立健全卫生管理制度,定期对通风系统进行清洗消毒,加强日常管理。

Objective To investigate the usage and management of central air conditioning system and Legionella contamination in cooling water in public places of Guangzhou Liwan district. Methods Tweenty - eight in 35 public places used central air conditioning system were selected for investigation of their types of central air con- ditioning system, service life, as well as the design, sanitary administration, and Legionella of the cooling water was tested. Results No one place established emergency plan for prevention of air borne disease, 15 （53.6%） of design for the fresh air requirement does accord with the national standard, 3 （ 10. 7% ） have the air disin- fection devices installed, only 2 （7.1%） in 2009 had ventilation duct cleaned, 3 （ 10. 7% ） had the cooling tower regular disinfected, etc. Positive rate of Legionella in cooling water was 60. 7%. Conclusion The sanitary condition of central air conditioning systems in public places of Liwan district is poor, so that the health supervi- sion and inspection should be strengthened. Users should build complemented sanitary management system, clean and disinfect system regularly, and strengthen its daily management.