硅基MCF材料固载脂肪酶转化餐饮废油产生物柴油

Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil by lipase immobilized on silicon-base mesoporous cellular foam

引言＂地沟油＂重返餐桌现象日益成为关系民众身体健康、社会和谐发展的焦点,开发合理有效处置方式,挖掘餐饮废油的剩余经济价值,是解决＂地沟油＂问题的根本出路。长链脂肪酸和低碳醇经过酯化反应后生成的脂肪酸酯,可以替代石油炼制的柴油作为车用燃料[1-2],即生物柴油。

Silicon-base mesostructured cellular foam（MCF）was synthesized and employed as support for immobilization of lipase LVK-S.The immobilized lipase had been prepared by incorporation of lipase and MCF with 20—30 nm channels in phosphate buffer for 10 h,washing,centrifugal filtering and vacuum drying.The lipase powder before and after immobilization was analyzed by IR-and UV-spectrum,indicating that lipase had been fixed,and the activity of immobilized lipase was measured by assay of fatty acid releasing rate using pure olive oil as substrate,and was 480 U·g-1.Pre-treated waste cooking oil and methanol was mixed with ratio of six in mass,then reaction was initiated by adding 0.2%（mass）immobilized lipase powder at 28℃ under stirring condition.The results obtained by analysis of gas chromatograph displayed that there were at least 5 kinds of main FAMEs（fatty acid methyl ester）containing in broth,and yield of total FAME was about 0.83.Further evaluation of activity for immobilized lipase using waste cooking oil and pure olive oil as substrate showed that the residual activity was kept over 90% for pure olive oil,but only 61% for waste cooking oil,indicating that some components in waste cooking oil could decrease activity of lipase.So,it would be hopeful and useful to keep activity of immobilized lipase in reaction conditions if these harmful components could be removed by pre-treatment of wasted cooking oil.