10种植物乙醇提取物对金银花蚜虫的生物活性研究

Research on Alcohol Extracts from 10 Plants to Bioactivity of Honeysuckle Aphid

采用微量滴定法测定了10种植物乙醇提取物对金银花蚜虫的生物活性。结果表明,10种植物乙醇提取物对金银花蚜虫均有一定的驱避活性和毒杀作用。在10mg/mL的浓度下,臭椿、曼陀罗和桂花的提取物对金银花蚜虫的驱避作用较强,其在12h的驱避率分别为78.74%、77.54%、75.11%;夏枯草提取物的驱避效果最弱,12h的驱避率为58.53%。随着处理时间的延长,各植物提取物的驱避效果均呈下降趋势;印楝提取物的毒杀活性最强,72h后的校正死亡率达68.30%;曼陀罗和苦瓜的作用次之,72h后的校正死亡率分别为66.41%和63.70%;夏枯草提取物的作用最低,72h后的校正死亡率仅为26.47%。进一步的毒力分析表明,印楝提取物对金银花蚜虫的毒力较强,24h的LC50值为11.0836mg/mL。

Bioactivity of alcohol extracts from 10 plants on the honeysuckle aphid was tested by trace titration method in the laboratory. The results showed that alcohol extracts from 10 plants had a certain repellent activity and insecticidal activity on honeysuckle aphid. At the dosage of 10 mg/mL, repellent activity of extract from heaven tree, stramonium and sweet olive were stronger than others, their repellent rate were 78.74%, 77.54% and 75.11% respectively after 12 h, repellent activity of extract from prunella was the lowest, which was 58.53%. The repellent activity will reduce with the extending of treated time. Insecticidal activity of extract from azadirachta indica was the strongest, the corrected mortality reached 68.30% after 72 h. The insecticidal activity of extracts from stramonium and balsam pear were the second, the corrected mortality of them were 66.41% and 63.07% respectively, the corrected mortality of extract from prunella was the lowest, which was 26.47%. By further toxicity analysis, we found that toxicity of extract from azadirachta indica was the strongest, whose LC50 was 11.0836 mg/mL after 24 h.