岛屿在海洋划界中的效力问题研究——从国际法理论与实践看钓鱼岛与中日东海划界

A Study of the Effects of Islands in the Maritime Delimitation——Diaoyudao Issue and Sino-Japanese Donghai Delimitation Viewed from International Law in Theory and Practice

岛屿被认为是近年来国家间海洋争议中最为棘手的问题之一,不仅表现在相关国家对于岛屿主权的争夺,还表现在海洋划界时有关岛屿划界效力的激烈争辩。1982年《联合国海洋法公约》赋予岛屿同陆地领土一样的延展领海、毗连区、专属经济区和大陆架的功能,因此岛屿对于海洋划界会产生重要影响。鉴于岛屿在海洋划界时的重要意义,我国必须在东海划界问题上争取钓鱼岛主权,并利用钓鱼岛提出有利于我国海岸基线确立、大陆架划界、海域划界的主张。

Islands may be deemed as one of the most important issues in Maritime Delimitation. The significance of islands not only lies on the sovereignty claim between states, but also lies on the lively debate about their functions in delimitating marine boundaries. UNCLOS treats island and state＇ s territorial land the same position, which both have the function of extension on terrtorial sea, continuous zone, exclucive economic zone and conti- nental shelf. So islands are significant for marine delimitation. Considering the significance of islands in delimi- tation, China shall claim sovereignty on Diaoyudao, and approach its delimitation claims using Diaoyudao as a basis to establish China＇ s basic seashore line, to delimit China＇ s continental shelf and to delimit China＇ s sea area.