三峡库区退化生态系统植被恢复与重建研究

Study on plant restoration and reconstruction in degradation ecosystems of the Three Gorge reservoir area

研究结果包括以下几个方面 :苦草、竹叶眼子菜和黑藻等沉水植物 ,莲、茭笋等挺水植物 ,满江红、凤眼莲等漂浮植物适于水体植物的恢复与重建 ;芦苇、千屈菜、垂柳和枫杨等在水库边缘相对严酷的环境中有较好的潜在适应能力 ;结合库缘植被恢复 ,建立防止岸坡遭受侵蚀的立体防护林带 ;陆生生态系统植被恢复与重建 ,应从退耕还林和考虑不同海拔高度植被的垂直地带性分布合理搭配植物物种入手。

Plant restoration and reconstruction in degradation ecosystems of Three Gorge reservoir area is consist of as follows:Plant species below water level such as Vallianeria spiralis,Potamogeton malaianus and Hydrilla verticillata, plant species above water level such as Nelumba nucifer and Zizania latifolia, plant species on water level such as Azolla imbricafa and Eichhornia cassipes et al.are good for waterbody restoration and reconstruction. Phragmites communis,Lythrum salicaria,Salix babylonica and Pterocarya stenoptera have good ability to adapt the worse environment in water lever fluctuating zone and in band of the reservoir.On the base of this,forest shelter belt should be constructed.Replace cultivated land for forest,arrange the plant species in rational use according to the elevation for restoration and reconstruction in land.Selection of the plant species is to consider the environment and economic effect of them.