中国大陆核损害赔偿法律制度的完善

The Perfection of Law System for Nuclear Damages Compensation in China's Mainland

日本福岛核泄漏事故为中国快速发展的核电事业敲响警钟,完善核损害赔偿法律制度将为核电事业的快速发展保驾护航。目前中国大陆已有的核损害赔偿法律规范体系性不强,效力等级较低,且规定十分原则,缺乏程序性规范。通过对比中国与其他有核国家的核损害赔偿制度,结合中国核能事业发展的实际,提出建立唯一责任下的多级赔偿机制,将环境受到的损害明确列入损害赔偿范围,同时通过建立核事故损害即时赔偿机制及完善常态化民事赔偿机制以构建中国大陆地区较为完善的核损害赔偿制度体系。

The frequent nuclear leakage accidents are warns to the fast development of nuclear power in Chi- na. The perfection of law system for nuclear damage compensation will protect the fast development. However, the existed relative laws in China's Mainland are poor in systematicness, low in efficient degree and lack procedural regu- lations. This paper proposes a conception to perfect the compensation system of nuclear damages from subject, scope and procedure based on the contrast of nuclear damage compensation system between China's Mainland and other nuclear countries and the development situation of nuclear power in China.