空气枪震源在水库区煤田高精度三维地震勘探中的应用

Reservoir Area Coalfield High Accuracy 3D Seismic Prospecting Using Air-gun Source

库区水上煤田高精度三维地震勘探,存在重复冲击、鸣震、交混回响等干扰。以华北某水库区水上勘探为例,在分析空气枪震源类型、组合方式、组合距离、沉放深度、工作压力等参数的激发特性与试验基础上,选用空气枪沉放深度2m、三枪组合激发、压电检波器沉放水底接收的数据采集方法。为保证点位准确及减少二次放缆误差,压电检波器采用定位系统与导航软件进行实时导航抛缆定位,激发点则采用导航软件与定位系统定时导航激发。针对水上资料的特点,重点做好静校正、去噪等处理工作。通过对三维数据体的综合解释,取得了可靠的地质成果。

Noises of repeated impact, singing and reverberation will be existed in the reservoir area water covered coalfield high accuracy 3D seismic prospecting. Taking a seismic prospecting on water in a North China reservoir area as an example, based on analyses of shot characters and tests of air-gun source type, grouping mode, interval, submerging depth, working pressure parameters, have selected data acquisition method with 2 meters submerging depth, 3 gun multiple shot, piezoelectric detector water bottom receiving. To ensure correct point position and reduce secondary cable setting error, the real time navigated cable positioning of piezoelectric detector and shot point have been used by positioning system and navigation software. In allusion to on water prospecting data characteristics, static correction and denoising etc. are emphasized, through integrated interpretation of 3D data volume, reliable geological results obtained.