饲料蛋白水平及鱼粉蛋白含量对齐口裂腹鱼生长、体组成及消化酶活性的影响

Effects of Dietary Protein and Animal Protein Levels on Growth,Body Composition and Digestive Enzyme Activities of Juvenile Prenant′s Schizothoracin(Schizothorax prenanti)

试验探讨了不同蛋白水平(CP)及鱼粉蛋白含量(FP)对齐口裂腹鱼生长及体组成的影响。分别设5个蛋白水平(30%、32.05%、37%、41.95%、44%)和5个鱼粉蛋白水平(0%、5.86%、20%、34.14%、40%)。以CP、FP作为试验因素。按照二因子二元二次正交旋转组合设计,分为16个试验组,每组设3个重复。每个重复30尾鱼[(11.45±0.39)g]。经过50 d养殖试验。结果表明,不同蛋白水平及鱼粉蛋白含量对齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼生长有显著影响(P<0.05)。CP 37%,FP40%时,试验鱼的增重率(WGR)、特定生长率(SGR)、饲料蛋白质效率(PER)最大(分别为103.31%、1.42%/d和145.74%),CP 44%,FP 20%时,试验鱼的饵料系数(FCR)最低(为1.97)。以WGR、SGR、PER、FCR为指标,利用二元回归分析表明,齐口裂腹鱼生长性能最优时饲料CP、FP分别为39.94%～42.54%,30.67%～45.47%;对齐口裂腹鱼体组成分析表明,不同的饲料CP、FP对鱼体粗灰分和水分影响不显著(P>0.05),但对鱼体粗蛋白和粗脂肪有显著的影响(P<0.05);适宜的饲料CP、FP能有效改善齐口裂腹鱼消化酶的活性,提高对营养物质的吸收利用率。综合考虑各生长指标、肌肉营养成分、消化酶活性及各指标间的相关性和成本因素,建议在实际生产配方中齐口裂腹鱼幼鱼饲料中蛋白水平及鱼粉蛋白质量分数分别以39.94%～42.54%,30.67%～45.47%为宜。

A 50-day feeding trial of 5 dietary protein levels（30%,32.05%,37%,41.95%,44%）and 5 dietary fishmeal protein levels（0,5.86%,20%,34.14%,40%）designed with 3 replications was conducted to determine the effects of dietary protein and fishmeal protein levels on growth,muscle composition and digestive enzyme activities of juvenile prenant＇s schizothoracin [initial body weight：（11.45±0.39）g].Using two-factor,five-level,orthogonal regression rotational combination design,fish were fed respectively to apparent satiation by 9 experimental diets.The results showed that the Weight Gain Ratio（WGR）,the Specific Growth Ratio（SGR）and Protein Efficiency Ratio（PER）of fish were significantly affected by dietary protein × fishmeal protein interaction（P0.05）.All of the WGR,SGR and PER of prenant＇s schizothoracin were highest（103.31%,1.42%od-1,145.74% respectively）when fed the CP37% and AP40% diet,FCR was the lowest（1.42）when fed the CP44% and AP20% diet.Using binary regression analysis of the WGR,SGR,PER,FCR,the optimal levels of protein and fishmeal protein in diet was 39.94%-42.54% and 30.67%-45.47% respectively.Muscle protein and lipid levels was influenced by dietary protein and fishmeal protein levels（P0.05）,however,there had no significant effects on muscle moisture and crude ash of prenant＇s schizothoracin（P0.05）.Activities of digestive enzyme were improved at a certain levels of dietary protein and fishmeal protein.In conclusion,this study suggests that growth performance of juvenile prenant＇s schizothoracin is improved at a suitable protein × fishmeal protein in diet.Fish fed diet containing 39.94%～42.54% protein and 30.67%～45.47% fishmeal protein got the best growth performance and the ideal body conposition.