新建茶园不同间作模式及覆盖遮阴效应比较研究——种植模式Ⅰ:茶行东西走向

Comparative Study of Intercropping Different Crops and Shading Effects in Young Tea Garden under Planting Pattern Ⅰ: West-East Direction of Tea Rows

研究了在东西走向的茶行中分别间作玉米、大豆、玉米+大豆以及覆盖遮阴对新建茶园生态环境、茶籽萌发、茶苗生长以及光合作用的影响。结果表明:⑴茶行东西走向以间作大豆的效果最好。间作大豆的茶园温度可降低3.1～3.6℃,光照强度降低86.4%～90.4%,日均相对湿度增加10.6%,土壤含水量增加13.0%,日均光合速率为对照的2.7倍,茶苗成活率、株高、茎粗、单株叶面积分别增加32.3%、60.5%、33.1%2、18.9%。⑵与覆盖遮阴相比,间作更能提高茶园的空气湿度。

The effects of intercropping with maize, soybean, maize plus soybean respectively and shading on the ecological environment, germination of tea seeds, growth and photosynthesis of tea plants were stud- ied in young tea plantation with west - east direction of tea rows. The results were as follows. （1） When the tea plants were cultivated in east - west direction, the effect of intercropping soybean was the best. The temperature of tea plantation reduced 3.1 - 3.6℃ ; the light intensity decreased by 86.4% - 90.4% ; daily mean air humidity increased by 10.6% ; soil moisture increased by 13.0% ; daily mean photosynthetic rate was 2.7 times of the control＇s; the survival rate, plant height, stem diameter and leaf area per plant increased by 32.3%, 60.5%, 33.1% and 218.9% respectively. （2） Compared to shading, intercropping could increase the air humidity more.