苹果不同M系矮化中间砧成龄树特性研究与评价

Study and Evaluation on Characteristics of Different M Series of Dwarfing Interstocks for Apples

通过对威海地区M系矮化中间砧(M26、M9、MM106和M7)成龄苹果生产园的实地调研,从砧木的嫁接亲和性、固地性、适应性、抗逆性、生长发育特性等方面进行了综合评价。总体认为:M26嫁接亲和性、固地性、适应性、抗逆性良好,树势适当;M9树体倾斜率高,树体矮小,树势较弱;MM106和M7亲和性、固地性及生长发育特性各方面表现正常,树势强于M26;MM106和M7树势基本一致。除M9外,M26、M7和MM106嫁接富士进行生产栽培在威海及周边地区肥水条件好的土地上是比较适宜的优良砧穗组合。鉴于M7、M9以及MM106矮化中间砧应用较少,要大面积推广应用,尚需进一步试用和研究。

Different M series of dwarfing interstocks for apples in Weihai areas of Shandong Province were investigated and evaluated in graft compatibility, fastness, adaptation, stress resistance, growth and development, etc. According to the results, it was thought that M26 had good graft compatibility, fastness, adaptation, stress resistance and appropriate tree vigor. M9 had higher ratio of tilt plant, smaller tree body and weaker tree vigor. The graft compatibility, fastness, growth and development of MM106 and M7 acted normally, ,and their tree vigor was similar but stronger than M26. Except M9, the Fuji apple trees grafted on M26, MM106 and M7 interstocks could adapt to Weihai and Weihai neighborhood with better fertilizer and water conditions. Further researches were needed for large - area development because of less application of M7, M9 and MM106 as dwarfing interstocks.