李渔《闲情偶寄·词曲部》中“意取尖新”析义

Analysis of Li Yu's “Intending to be Delicate and New”

学术界关于《闲情偶寄》的研究成果已有不少,但细读《闲情偶寄》,仍然可以发现被忽略的问题。《闲情偶寄》"词曲部"里"意取尖新"有标新立异之处,在"意取尖新"的标题下,实际上"意"既指内容又指文词,"尖新"指"纤巧"。联系李渔《闲情偶寄》"词曲部"中的论述和李渔传奇创作的实际,可以看出他所提倡的"纤巧":一是指传奇宾白刻画人物性格、描摹人情世故、挖掘生活智慧以及人之常情细微致密,紧扣剧情;二是指人物说白语言丰富圆熟,机智俏皮。这两点对传奇宾白创作而言,是独到而有意义的指导原则。

There are enough research achievements about Li Yu＇s Xianqingouji in academic community. However, we can find that some problems are still ignored after careful reading. This paper attempts to discuss the specific meaning of his ＂intending to be delicate and new＂. Li Yu＇ s theories of drama are often beyond all expectations. Actually, ＂meaning＂ refers to not only contents but also wording. On the basis of his argument in Xianqingouji and his practice of creation, this paper makes a conclusion of his ＂being delicate and new＂. First, it means that it is delicate to describe the roles＇ character and worldly-wise and human nature. Second, it means that the roles＇ language is witty and richful. In a word, these two features are the unique and significant guideline for creation.