大小长山岛周围海域浮游动物群落分布特征

Distribution characteristic of zooplankton community in waters around Da Xiao Changshan Island

根据2009年8月和2010年5月大、小长山岛周围海域浮游动物春、夏季航次调查资料,对该海域浮游动物种类组成、优势种、生物量及其分布、密度及其分布、生物多样性等进行了分析。结果表明:春、夏季共检出浮游动物34种,主要种类为近岸低盐种,其中春季23种,夏季30种;优势种9种,以桡足类占优势,主要为中华哲水蚤、小拟哲水蚤、大同拟长腹剑水蚤和双刺纺锤水蚤等,优势种季节变化较明显。浮游动物密度、生物量、多样性指数和均匀度指数等季节水平分布特征变化明显,并与温度和盐度呈显著相关。聚类分析显示大、小长山岛周围海域浮游动物群落春、夏季相似度较高。与20世纪80年代相比,本次调查浮游动物群落已发生了一定程度的变化。

Based on the data acquisitioned through the survey of Da Xiao Changshan Island in August 2009 and May 2010, this paper discussed the zooplankton species composition, dominant species, biomass and its distribution, abundance and its distribution, spe- cies diversity and so on. The results showed that total 34 zooplankton species were identified during the survey, and they most were offshore lower-salinity group, between which 23 and 30 species in spring and summer. There were 9 dominant species, which almost were the copepods, and the main dominant species were Calanus sinicus, Paracalanus parvus, Oithona similes and Acartia bifilosa. Seasonal variations of horizontal distribution of biomass and abundance of zooplankton and the species diversity were significantly corre- lated with both water temperature and salinity. Community cluster analysis indicated the similarity of the spring and summer groups of zooplankton. The zooplankton communities in this study already represented some differences compared to the pattern in the 1980s.