大连近岸海域双壳贝类重金属污染调查与评价

Investigation and assessment on heavy metals in bivalve seashells of Dalian coastline

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)对大连近岸海域虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)、紫贻贝(Mytilus edulis)、菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)、缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)、赤贝(Arkshell)、牡蛎(Oyster)等双壳经济贝类体内Pb、Cd、Hg、Cr、Cu、Zn、Mn、Ni等重金属污染状况进行调查,对其重金属含量进行了初步评价。结果表明:虾夷扇贝中重金属存在组织间差异性,Cd、Cu在闭壳肌中含量明显低于其他组织,Cr、Ni在各组织间差异较小;双壳贝类中重金属存在明显的种间差异性,Zn、Cu在牡蛎中含量相对其他贝类较高;调查海区内双壳贝类中重金属大多符合我国《无公害食品水产品中有毒有害物质限量》等卫生要求,部分双壳贝类品种Cd、Pb含量超标。

The heavy metal contents of Pb, Cd, Hg, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn and Ni in six popular species of bivalve seashells including Pa- tinopecten yessoensis, Mytilns edulis, Ruditapes philippinarum, Sinonovacula constricta, arkshell and oyster from Dalian coastline were determined using inductively coupled plasma spectrometry（ICP-MS）. The preliminary assessment on the pollution situation of the bi- valve seashells was made. The results showed that the heavy metal contents in different tissues of P. yessoensis were varied, and the contents of Cd and Cu in muscle were lower than other tissues, and the contents of Cr and Ni had minor discrepancy in different tis- sues. There was difference in heavy metal contents in different species of bivalve seashells, and Zn and Cu contents in oyster was higher than other seashells. It was found that the contents of most heavy metals in bivalve seashells were lower than the standard for the toxic substance in the non-environmental pollution aquatic products and other Limit Standards, and Cd and Pb contents in some seashells were higher than the standard.